- Introduction: In Oracle Database, it is important to automatically start and stop the database services during server reboots or shutdowns to avoid manual work and ensure smooth operations. Oracle provides built-in scripts dbstart and dbshut for this purpose. By using these scripts with Linux services like systemd or init.d, we can make sure the database and listener start automatically when the server starts and shutdown properly during server shutdown. In this article, we will see how to implement this script step by step.
- Prerequisites:
- Must have root user or sudo access.
- Environment:
| Hostname | orcl.oraeasy.com |
|---|---|
| OS | OL9 |
| Database Name | ORCLDC |
| Database Version | 19.27.0 |
| Oracle Home | /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 |
- Approach: We will use Oracle provided script for auto startup (dbstart) and shutdown (dbshut) and those are located in $ORACLE_HOME/bin.
- Now let's proceed to configure the script step by step:
1. First we need to upadte the /etc/oratab file and make the Auto Start Option as Y, so that oracle provided script can be executed.
[oracle@orcl ~]$ cat /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME::
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
orcldc:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1:Y
[oracle@orcl ~]$
[root@orcl ~]# cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/dbservice
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 35 99 10
# description: Starts and Stops Oracle database and Listener processes
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
ORA_OWNER=oracle
PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
HOST=`hostname`
PLATFORM=`uname`
export ORACLE_HOME PATH
case "$1" in
'start')
echo -n $"Starting the Oracle Database: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME" &
;;
'stop')
echo -n $"Shutting down the Oracle Database: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME" &
;;
'restart')
echo -n $"Shutting down the Oracle Database: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME" &
sleep 5
echo -n $"Starting the Oracle Database: "
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" &
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME" &
;;
*)
echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit
;;
esac
# End of script dbservice
[root@orcl ~]#
[root@orcl ~]# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54330(racdba)
[root@orcl ~]#
[root@orcl ~]# chgrp oinstall /etc/init.d/dbservice
[root@orcl ~]#
[root@orcl ~]# chmod 750 /etc/init.d/dbservice
[root@orcl ~]# chkconfig --add dbservice
[root@orcl ~]#
[root@orcl ~]# cd /etc/rc.d
[root@orcl rc.d]#
[root@orcl rc.d]# ls
init.d rc0.d rc1.d rc2.d rc3.d rc4.d rc5.d rc6.d rc.local
[root@orcl rc.d]#
[root@orcl rc.d]# cd rc3.d/
[root@orcl rc3.d]#
[root@orcl rc3.d]# ls -lrth
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 19 Jul 15 22:21 S99dbservice -> ../init.d/dbservice
[root@orcl rc3.d]#
[root@orcl rc3.d]# chkconfig --list | grep dbservice
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.
If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
To see services enabled on particular target use
'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
dbservice 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
[root@orcl rc3.d]#
[root@orcl rc3.d]# systemctl status dbservice
Unit dbservice.service could not be found.
[root@orcl rc3.d]#
[root@orcl rc3.d]# systemctl enable dbservice
dbservice.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable dbservice
[root@orcl rc3.d]#
[root@orcl rc3.d]# systemctl status dbservice
○ dbservice.service - SYSV: Starts and Stops Oracle database and Listener processes
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/dbservice; generated)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
[root@orcl rc3.d]#
[root@orcl ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
# See also:
# https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/9/html/using_selinux/changing-selinux-states-and-modes_using-selinux#changing-selinux-modes-at-boot-time_changing-selinux-states-and-modes
#
# NOTE: Up to RHEL 8 release included, SELINUX=disabled would also
# fully disable SELinux during boot. If you need a system with SELinux
# fully disabled instead of SELinux running with no policy loaded, you
# need to pass selinux=0 to the kernel command line. You can use grubby
# to persistently set the bootloader to boot with selinux=0:
#
# grubby --update-kernel ALL --args selinux=0
#
# To revert back to SELinux enabled:
#
# grubby --update-kernel ALL --remove-args selinux
#
SELINUX=permissive
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@orcl ~]#
[root@orcl ~]# init 6
[root@orcl ~]#
Remote side unexpectedly closed network connection
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Session stopped
- Press to exit tab
- Press R to restart session
- Press S to save terminal output to file
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ • MobaXterm Personal Edition v23.2 • │
│ (SSH client, X server and network tools) │
│ │
│ ⮞ SSH session to oracle@192.168.101.13 │
│ • Direct SSH : ✓ │
│ • SSH compression : ✓ │
│ • SSH-browser : ✓ │
│ • X11-forwarding : ✓ (remote display is forwarded through SSH) │
│ │
│ ⮞ For more info, ctrl+click on help or visit our website. │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Last login: Tue Jul 15 22:34:57 2025
[oracle@orcl ~]$ ps -ef|grep pmon
oracle 4420 1 0 22:35 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcldc
oracle 5097 5029 0 22:40 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto pmon
[oracle@orcl ~]$
[oracle@orcl ~]$ ps -ef|grep pmon
oracle 4420 1 0 22:35 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_orcldc
oracle 5129 5029 0 22:50 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto pmon
[oracle@orcl ~]$ ps -ef|grep tns
root 6 2 0 22:34 ? 00:00:00 [netns]
oracle 2492 1 0 22:35 ? 00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle 5131 5029 0 22:50 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tns
[oracle@orcl ~]$
[oracle@orcl ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Jul 15 22:50:43 2025
Version 19.27.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.27.0.0.0
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 ORCLPDB READ WRITE NO
SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.27.0.0.0
[oracle@orcl ~]$
[oracle@orcl ~]$
[oracle@orcl ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 15-JUL-2025 22:50:53
Copyright (c) 1991, 2025, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=orcl.oraeasy.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date 15-JUL-2025 22:35:06
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 15 min. 48 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/orcl/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=orcl.oraeasy.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "2c3d6bacf692345be0633350a8c050ed" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcldc", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLDC" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcldc", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcldcXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcldc", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclpdb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcldc", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@orcl ~]$
[oracle@orcl ~]$
Thank you for reading!
I hope this content has been helpful to you. Your feedback and suggestions are always welcome — feel free to leave a comment or reach out with any queries.
Abhishek Shrivastava
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